Process of graining.



N0. 647,833. Patented Apr. I7, |900.

C. HENRlCUS.

PROCESS 0F GRAINING.

' (Appnctimmed Aug. 17, 1899.)

(No Model.)

y/fl

y nung I' Awww@ n,

mun

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONSTAN TIN I-IENRIOUS, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF GRAINING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 647,833, dated April `1'7', 17900. Application ledAugust 17, 1899. Serial No. 727,:581. (No specimens.)

T0 all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, CoNsrANTIN HENErCUs, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Graining; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to practice it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of my specication, and to the reference-numerals marked thereon.

Heretofore in graining painted surfaces it has been customary to eitheraccomplish the work by the use of hand graining-tools on freshly-painted surfaces or else to transfer to the surface to be grained a suitable design in ink or paint taken from a prepared roller or pattern; but in practice it is found very difficult to transfer in this manner the grain of woods which have characteristic markings, such as mahogany, in which the dark stripes running substantially parallel to the grain are present, or curly black Walnut or quartered oak, in which the smooth hard curled .or quartering marks cannot be transferred without exhibiting to the eye of even an unskilled person the pattern-marks at the edges of the dark stripes or quartering-marks. I have discovered, however, that if the marks indicating the general, grain of the wood are applied in suitable color and afterward the stripes orquartering-marks are applied in such manner that they'lnay be shaded 0r graded without affecting the grain-marks previously applied a very close imitation of the expensive woods may be obtained.

My present invention, therefore, has for its object to provide an improved method of graining the surface of wood or other material to imitate the grain or mark of various rare woods-such as mahogany, rosewood, quartered oak, or curly black walnut-said method consisting generally in applying to a suitably-prepared surface by means of a transfer roller or surface and in a suitable oil-color an impression taken from the open grain of the board it is desired Yto imitate,- allowing said oil-color to dry, then thoroughly mois- In the drawings, Figure l illustrates the pattern-board, showing the fine undergrain ofv a natural wood, in the present instance that of black walnut; Fig. 2, a perspective view of the transfer-roller adapted to be used in transferring the undergrain from the pattern to the surface to be grained; Fig. 3, a plan view of the carved overgrain patternboard from which the overgrain roller is cast; and Fig, 4t, a cross-sectional view of the same on the line lll of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a perspective View of theovergrain transfer-roller; Fig. t', a View illustrating the manner in which the under and over grainpatterns are applied in imitating black Walnut and before the'latter is blended. Fig. 7 illustrates the fine or un-v der grain of mahogany; Fig. S, the streaked overgrain of the same wood 'superimposed upon the latter and blended at the edges.

Similar reference-numerals indicate similar parts.

In carrying out my invention in imitating walnut or quartered oak,for instance, it is desirable to form the figure of the fine undergrain beneath the darker graining, representing the hard smooth parts of the wood imitated, as in this manner I am enabled to prevent any lines of demarcationV between the two patterns, and by superimposing the spots or streaks of heavier graining over the lighter the latter will show through the thinner portions and blended edges of the former. The fine or under grain may b e transferred from the natural-Wood pattern by means of a transfer-paper orasmooth-faced elastic printers inking-roller and the overgrain applied by means of a similar roller having the porv n marks to the surface ofthe roller andreprei tions carrying the color inrelief thereon and tion in the recesses there formed and apply: .ing the composition to the roller shown in pliedalcomposition' composed of colors em-` preferably formed by carving from apiece of wood to be imitated the hard or smooth iigured portions or qu artering-marks (indicated by l in Fig. 3) and then casting the composi-v Fig. 5.

In imita-tin g black walnut, for instance, the

surface of the soft or cheap wood to be treated is covered with a filling preferably composed of Whitelead and other earth or mineral colors mixed with turpentine and oil to vform a proper ground-work color, and this coating is dried. f Ithenprovide a piece of open- Agrain walnutto be'imitated, .to which isV apbodying brown` and black earth or mineral i. v paints mixed in-turpentine and'oil. I then zo A i pattern, leavingthelcolor in the interstices lightlywipeov the'surface of the board or or nue-grain marks, as 'shown in Fig. 1, and

i shown in Fig. 2,. I then pass this roller over-` pigment thus applied to dry.

then over theboard'run the smooth printersinking'froller, (or I may employ transferpaper,) transferring the paint in the grain-y senting the pattern of the grain thereon, as

the `surfaceofthe' material toybe grained,

preparedas described', and allow the colored The surface to which Athe imitation is Vbeing applied is thenspongedo with a more or less tacky `material 'or liquid, whichwill' not act as a solvent toward or otherwise aiect the underlying coat of oil-color, such asbeer or ale,

fand the embossed roller having the pattern l ofthe hard portions of the wood thereon, as

shown in Fig. 5, is run over a slab containing afpaintor color of the proper hue-such, vfor instance, asvVandyke brown and burnt umberx in equal parts mixed, preferably,`with beer or ale-'and then run over the finej grained surface'of the. article, which vis then,

as shown in Fi'g. 1,'producing the effect shown in Fig. 6, and while the pattern thus trans'- ferred is still moist the edges of the overgraining designs just applied are blended by means of a blending-brush or otherwise,

thereby producing a close imitation of the natural wood. After. this is accomplished the paint is dried and the board or surface i varnishedand polished in the usual manner.

Inmaking imitation mahogany the'process isthe same, excepting that instead of transferring they overgrain or longitudinal dark stripes by means of a patternroller I prefer to apply these by means of a brush or sponge by handthe vovergrainin f being composed of earth orpmineral colors mixed with beer or ale, as described, andthedesigns or stripes lblended at the edges. Itis understood,` of

course, that the fine undergrain represented in Fig. 7 is first applied by thesmooth transfer-roller from the mahogany pattern-board and allowed 'to dry. Byemploying graining' and overgraining colors mixed in dierent .menstrua and drying the color imitating the fine grain `of. the Wood before applying the other I amenabled to form both the graining and overgraining markings sharply, so that a f'very little'blending at the edge of the quartering-marks in oak, for instance, is required 'to make a perfect imitation which is difficult ofdetection even by experts,

Theblendingor shadingout at the edges of the overgrain pattern-marks is greatly facilitatedandonly made practical by dissolv- -ing'the pigment in a thin, but tacky or viscous, liquid, whichprevents the colorvfrom runni'ngand at the same time will permit the latterto be shaded ont at the edges. The undergrain pigments being kdissolved inturpentine or oil and allowed to thoroughly dry after transferring will not be aected by the .application and manipulation of the overvsible to successfully imitate by thi's'means alone the grain and characteristic markings of such woods as m`ahogany,rosewood or quartered oak, maple or walnut.y I claim as my invention- 1. The herein-described method of graining in imitation of woodslhavinga characteristic figure in addition to the iine grain, consisting in applying to the surface of an opengraini board to be` imitated a coating of color in oil, transferring, by means of a transferring-sure face, the color inthe negrain lines to a .smoothprepared surface, drying the color thus applied, then applying. to the prepared and grained surface a color mixedk with a tacky liquid non-solvent toward' the oil-color, in designs imitating characteristicl figures of the v wood to be copied iny the graining, blending the edges of said designs, drying this color and finally varnishing andinishing the surface inthe usualmanner.

v 2. The hereindescribed method of graining, consisting in applying to ya prepared surface the design in oil-colors of the grain of the wood to be imitated, drying the same, then applying tothe grained surface in colors mixed in tacky liquid non-solvent toward the oil-color an overgraining design in imitation of the characteristic. iigures of the wood to be imitated, blending the edges of said design, and finally varnishing and finishing the surface.

3. The method of graining, consisting in transferring to a suitably colored and prepared surface, from an open grain-board, an

oil-color located in the grain of the latter, design, drying the overgraining color, and drying the color thus applied, then wiping finally varnishing and finishing the surface in 1o the grained surface with a tacky liquid nonthe usual manner.

solvent toward the oil-color, then applyinor an overgraining design imitating the characci OONSTANTIN HENRICUS teristie markings of the imitated wood in eol- Witnesses:

ors mixed with a tacky liquid non-solvent to- F. F. CHURCH,

Ward the oil-color, blending the edges of this G. VILLARD RICH. 

